Biography
Gina Poe has been working since 1995 on the mechanisms through which sleep serves memory consolidation and restructuring. Dr. Poe is a southern California native who graduated from Stanford University then worked for two post-baccalaureate years at the VA researching Air Force Test Pilots’ brainwave signatures under high-G maneuvers. She then earned her PhD in Basic Sleep in the Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program at UCLA under the guidance of Ronald Harper then moved to the University of Arizona for her postdoctoral studies with Carol Barnes and Bruce McNaughtons looking at graceful degradation of hippocampal function in aged rats as well as hippocampal coding in a 3-D maze navigated in the 1998 space shuttle mission. She brought these multiunit teachings to answer a burning question of whether REM sleep were for remembering or forgetting and found that activity of neurons during REM sleep is consistent both with the consolidation of novel memories and the elimination of already consolidated memories from the hippocampus, readying the associative memory network for new learning the next day. Moving first to Washington State University then to the University of Michigan before joining UCLA in 2016, Poe has over 80 undergraduates, 9 graduate students, and 8 postdoctoral scholars, and has served in university faculty governance as well as led 5 different programs designed to diversify the neuroscience workforce and increase representation of people of the global majority in the STEM fields. At UCLA she continues research and teaching and Directs the COMPASS-Life Sciences and BRI-SURE programs and co-Directs the MARC-U*STAR program. Nationally she has served as course director of the Marine Biological Lab’s SPINES course and co-Directs the Society for Neuroscience’s NSP program which earned the nation’s highest mentoring honor in 2018. These programs have over 1000 PhD level alumni.
Research Interests
The Poe lab investigates the mechanisms by which sleep traits serve learning and memory consolidation. Memories are encoded by the pattern of synaptic connections between neurons. We employ tetrode recording and optogenetic techniques in learning animals to see how neural patterns underlying learning are reactivated during sleep, and how activity during sleep influences the neural memory code. Both strengthening and weakening of synapses is important to the process of sculpting a network when we make new memories and integrate them into old schema. Results from our studies suggest that while synaptic strengthening can be efficiently accomplished during the waking learning process, the synaptic weakening part of memory integration requires conditions unique to sleep. The absence of noradrenaline during sleep spindles and REM sleep as well as the low levels of serotonin during REM sleep allow the brain to integrate new memories and to refresh and renew old synapses so that we are ready to build new associations the next waking period. Memory difficulties involved in post-traumatic stress disorder, Schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease and even autism involve abnormalities in the sleep-dependent memory consolidation process that my lab studies. Keywords: Sleep, learning and memory, PTSD, memory consolidation, reconsolidation, REM sleep, sleep spindles, Norepinephrine, LTP, depotentiation, reversal learning, optogenetics, electrophysiology, tetrode recordings, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex.
Education
B.A., Human Biology, Stanford University 1987
Ph.D., Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 1995
Selected Publications
Cao J, Herman AB, West GB, Poe G, Savage VM. Unraveling why we sleep: Quantitative analysis reveals abrupt transition from neural reorganization to repair in early development. Sci Adv 6(38):eaba0398 (11 pages), 2020. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aba0398.
Guthrie R, Ciliberti D, Mankin E, Poe GR. Recurrent hippocampo-neocortical sleep-state divergence in humans. PNAS 119(44): e2123427119, PM36279474, 2022.
Frazer M, Cabrera Y, Guthrie R, Poe GR. Shining a light on the mechanisms of sleep for memory consolidation. Current Sleep Medicine Rep, 7:221-231, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40675-021-00204-3.
Cabrera Y, Holloway J, Poe GR (2020) ‘Sleep Changes Across the Female Hormonal Cycle Affecting Memory: Implications for Resilient Adaptation to Traumatic Experiences.’ J Womens Health (Larchmt), 29 (3): 446-451. PMID: 32186966
Swift KM, Keus K, Echeverria CG, Cabrera Y, Jimenez J, Holloway J, Clawson BC, Poe GR () ‘Sex differences within sleep in gonadally-intact rats.’ Sleep, 2019.PMID: 31784755
Swift KM, Gross BA, Frazer MA, Bauer DS, Clark KJD, Vazey EM, Aston-Jones G, Li Y, Pickering AE, Sara SJ, Poe GR (2018) ‘Abnormal Locus Coeruleus Sleep Activity Alters Sleep Signatures of Memory Consolidation and Impairs Place Cell Stability and Spatial Memory.’ Curr Biol, 28 (22): 3599-3609.e4. PMID: 30393040
Zaborszky L, Gombkoto P, Varsanyi P, Poe GR, Role L, Ananth M, Rajebhosale P, Talmage D, Hasselmo M, Dannenberg H, Minces V, Chiba A, “Specific basal forebrain-cortical cholinergic circuits coordinate cognitive operations”, J Neurosci, 38 (44): 9446-9458 (2018).
Lewis P, Knoblich G, Poe GR, “Recasting reality: how memory replay in sleep boosts creative problem solving”, Trends Cogni Sci, 22 (6): 491-503 (2018).
Bjorness TE, Booth V, Poe GR (2018) ‘Hippocampal theta power pressure builds over non-REM sleep and dissipates within REM sleep episodes.’ Arch Ital Biol, 156 (3): 112-126. PMID: 30324607
Poe GR (2017) ‘Sleep Is for Forgetting.’ J Neurosci, 37 (3): 464-473. PMID: 28100731
Javanbakht, A and Poe, GR, “Behavioral neuroscience of circuits involved in arousal regulation”, The Neurobiology of PTSD, Ressler, K and Liberzon, I(Eds.), 130-147 (2016).
Emrick JJ, Gross BA, Riley BT, Poe GR (2016) ‘Different Simultaneous Sleep States in the Hippocampus and Neocortex.’ Sleep, 39 (12): 2201-2209. PMID: 27748240
Vanderheyden WM, George SA, Urpa L, Kehoe M, Liberzon I, Poe GR (2015) ‘Sleep alterations following exposure to stress predict fear-associated memory impairments in a rodent model of PTSD.’ Exp Brain Res, 233 (8): 2335-46. PMID: 26019008.
Watts A, Gritton HJ, Sweigart J, Poe GR (2012) ‘Antidepressant suppression of non-REM sleep spindles and REM sleep impairs hippocampus-dependent learning while augmenting striatum-dependent learning.’ J Neurosci, 32 (39): 13411-20. PMID: 23015432
Booth V, Poe GR (2006) ‘Input source and strength influences overall firing phase of model hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells during theta: relevance to REM sleep reactivation and memory consolidation.’ Hippocampus, 16 (2): 161-73. PMID: 16411243
Biography
Beate Ritz joined the faculty of the School of Public Health at UCLA in 1995 and is currently Professor and Vice Chair of the Epidemiology Department and holds co-appointments in the Environmental Health department at the UCLA School of Public Health and in Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine; she is a member of the Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), the Southern California Environmental Health Science Center (SCEHSC), and co-directs the NIEHS-funded UCLA Center for Gene-Environment Studies of Parkinson’s disease.
Dr. Ritz received her MD and a PhD in Medical Sociology from the University of Hamburg Germany in 1983 and 1987; she was a research fellow and resident at the Psychiatric University-Hospital in Hamburg from 1987-1989, and received doctoral training and a PhD degree in Epidemiology in 1995 from UCLA.
Her research focuses on the health effects of occupational and environmental toxins such as pesticides, ionizing radiation, and air pollution on chronic diseases including neurodegenerative disorders (Parkinson’s disease), cancers, and adverse birth outcomes and asthma. She previously investigated the causes of cancer in chemical toxin and radiation exposed workers and assessed the impact of ergonomic work-place factors on musculo-skeletal disorders. For the past decade, she studied the effects of air pollution on adverse birth outcomes as well as asthma in children in Southern California. In 2006, she received the Robert M Zweig Memorial award for outstanding achievement in air quality and medicine from the South Coast Air Quality Management District. She also spend the past 15 years investigating the long-term effects of pesticide exposures on Parkinson’s disease and cancers and is currently conducting a project to implement a Parkinson’s disease registry required by a new law in California.
In her research she uses geographic information system (GIS) modeling of environmental exposures including pesticide use and traffic related air pollution in California and investigates links between genetic susceptibility factors and environmental exposures in populations. She is directing and collaborating in a large number of federally (NIH, DOD), state (California Air Resources Board), and foundation (Michael J Fox Foundation) funded research projects.
Publications
A selected list of publications:
Manthripragada A, Cockburn M, Costello S, Bronstein J, Ritz B. Paraoxonase-1 gene Leu-Met 55 polymorphism may modify the estimated effects of agricultural organophosphate exposure on Parkinson’s disease. In Press: Epidemiology, , 2009; .
Ritz–Publications PD Gatto N Cockburn M, Bronstein J, Ritz B. Well Water Consumption and Parkinson’s Disease in Rural California. , In Press EHP , 2009; .
Costello Sadie, Cockburn Myles, Bronstein Jeff, Zhang Xinbo, Ritz Beate Parkinson’s disease and residential exposure to maneb and paraquat from agricultural applications in the central valley of California American journal of epidemiology, 2009; 169(8): 919-26.
Rhodes Shannon L, Ritz Beate Genetics of iron regulation and the possible role of iron in Parkinson’s disease Neurobiology of disease, 2008; 32(2): 183-95.
Ritz B, Rull R Assessment of Environmental Exposures from Agricultural Pesticides in Childhood Leukemia Studies: Challenges and Opportunities, In Press: Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 2008; .
Rhodes SL, Ritz B Genetics of Iron Regulation and the Possible Role of Iron in Parkinson’s Disease, In Press: Neurobiology of Disease, 2008; .
Rugbjerg K, Ritz B, Korbo L, Martinussen N, Olsen JH Risk for Parkinson’s Disease After Hospitalization for a Head Injury: A Population-Based Case-Control Study, In Press: BMJ, 2008; .
Wahner AD, Bronstein JF, Bordelon YM, Ritz B Statin Use and the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease, Neurology, 2008; 70(16 pt. 2): 1418-22.
Wahner Angelika D, Bronstein Jeff M, Bordelon Yvette M, Ritz Beate Statin use and the risk of Parkinson disease Neurology, 2008; 70(16 Pt 2): 1418-22.
Goldberg Daniel W, Wilson John P, Knoblock Craig A, Ritz Beate, Cockburn Myles G An effective and efficient approach for manually improving geocoded data International journal of health geographics, 2008; 7(2): 60.
Rugbjerg Kathrine, Ritz Beate, Korbo Lise, Martinussen Nick, Olsen Jørgen H Risk of Parkinson’s disease after hospital contact for head injury: population based case-control study BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2008; 337(2): a2494.
Krishnadasan A, Kennedy N, Zhao Y, Morgenstern H, Ritz B Nested Case-Control Study of Occupational Physical Activity and Prostate Cancer Among Workers Using a Job Exposure Matrix, Cancer Causes Control, 2008; 1: 107-14.
Ritz B, Wilhelm M, Hoggatt KJ, Ghosh JKC Ambient Air Pollution and Preterm Birth in the UCLA Environment and Pregnancy Outcomes Study, American journal of industrial medicine, 2007; 166(9): 1045-52.
Wahner Angelika D, Bronstein Jeff M, Bordelon Yvette M, Ritz Beate Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may protect against Parkinson disease Neurology, 2007; 69(19): 1836-42.
Ritz Beate, Ascherio Alberto, Checkoway Harvey, Marder Karen S, Nelson Lorene M, Rocca Walter A, Ross G Webster, Strickland Daniel, Van Den Eeden Stephen K, Gorell Jay Pooled analysis of tobacco use and risk of Parkinson disease Archives of neurology, 2007; 64(7): 990-7.
Rempel DM, Wang PC, Janowitz I, Harrison RJ, Yu F, Ritz B A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effects of New Task Chairs on Shoulder and Neck Pain Among Sewing Machine Operators: The Los Angeles Garment Study, Spine, 2007; 32(9): 931-38.
Karr C, Lumley T, Shepherd K, Davis R, Larson T, Ritz B, Kaufman J Effect of Subchronic and Chronic Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants on Infant Bronchiolitis, Am J Epidemiol, 2007; 165(5): 553-60.
Lewis C, Suffet HI, Hoggatt KJ, Ritz B Estimated Effects of Disinfection By-Products on Preterm Birth in a Population Served by a Single Water Utility, Environmental Health Perspectives, 2007; 115(2): 290-5.
Wahner AD, Glatt CE, Bronstein JF, Ritz B. Glutathione S-Transferase Mu, Omega, Pi, And Theta Class Variants And Smoking In Parkinson’s Disease. Neurosci Lett. 2007 Feb 21;413(3):274-8, , 2007; .
Wahner AD, Glatt CE, Bronstein JF, Ritz B Glutathione S-Transferase Mu, Omega, Pi, and Theta Class Variants and Smoking in Parkinson’s Disease, Neurosci Lett. Perspect, 2007; 413(3): 274-8.
Wahner AD, Sinsheimer JS, Bronstein JF, Ritz B Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms Increase Risk of Parkinson’s Disease, Arch Neurol, 2007; 64(6): 836-40.
Krishnadasan A, Kennedy N, Zhao Y, Morgenstern H, Ritz B Nested Case- Control Study of Occupational Chemical Exposures and Prostate Cancer in Aerospace and Radiation Worker, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 2007; 50(5): 383-90.
Wahner AD, Bronstein JF, Bordelon YM, Ritz B Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs May Protect Against Parkinson’s Disease, Neurology, 2007; 69(19): 1836-42.
Ritz B, Ascherio A, Checkoway H, Marder KS, Nelson LM, Rocca WA, Ross GW, Strickland D, Van Den Eeden SK, Gorell J Pooled Analysis of Tobacco Use and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease, Archives of Neurology, 2007; 64(7): 990-7.
Mengy YY, Wilhelm M, Rull R, English P, Ritz B Traffic and Outdoor Air Pollution Levels Near REsidences and Poorly-Controlled Asthma in Adults, Ann Asthma, Allergy, Immunol, 2007; 98(5): 455-63.
Wahner Angelika D, Sinsheimer Janet S, Bronstein Jeff M, Ritz Beate Inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms and increased risk of Parkinson disease Archives of neurology, 2007; 64(6): 836-40.
Wang PC, Rempel D, Harrison R, Chan J, Ritz B Work-Organizational and Personal Factors Associated with Upper Body Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Sewing Machine Operators Occupational Environmental Medicine, 2007; .
Elbaz Alexis, Nelson Lorene M, Payami Haydeh, Ioannidis John P A, Fiske Brian K, Annesi Grazia, Carmine Belin Andrea, Factor Stewart A, Ferrarese Carlo, Hadjigeorgiou Georgios M, Higgins Donald S, Kawakami Hideshi, Krüger Rejko, Marder Karen S, Mayeux Richard P, Mellick George D, Nutt John G, Ritz Beate, Samii Ali, Tanner Caroline M, Van Broeckhoven Christine, Van Den Eeden Stephen K, Wirdefeldt Karin, Zabetian Cyrus P, Dehem Marie, Montimurro Jennifer S, Southwick Audrey, Myers Richard M, Trikalinos Thomas A Lack of replication of thirteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms implicated in Parkinson’s disease: a large-scale international study Lancet neurology, 2006; 5(11): 917-23.
Ritz Beate, Costello Sadie Geographic model and biomarker-derived measures of pesticide exposure and Parkinson’s disease Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006; 1076(11): 378-87.
Ritz B, Zhao Y, Krishnadasan A, Kennedy N, Morgenstern H Estimated Effects of Hydrazine Exposure on Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Aerospace Workers, Epidemiology, 2006; 17(2): 154-61.
Ritz B, Costello S Geographic Model and Biomarker-Derived Measures of Pesticide Exposure and Parkinson’s Disease, Ann NY Academy Sci, 2006; 1076: 378-87.
Elbaz A, Nelson LM, Ritz B, et al Lack of Replication of Thirteen Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Implicated in Parkinson’s Disease: A Large-Scale International Study, Lancet Neurol, 2006; 5(11): 917-23.
Schernhammer Eva, Chen Honglei, Ritz Beate Circulating melatonin levels: possible link between Parkinson’s disease and cancer risk? Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2006; 17(4): 577-82.
Glatt Charles E, Wahner Angelika D, White Daniel J, Ruiz-Linares Andres, Ritz Beate Gain-of-function haplotypes in the vesicular monoamine transporter promoter are protective for Parkinson disease in women Human molecular genetics, 2006; 15(2): 299-305.
Kang Gail A, Bronstein Jeff M, Masterman Donna L, Redelings Matthew, Crum Jarrod A, Ritz Beate Clinical characteristics in early Parkinson’s disease in a central California population-based study Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2005; 20(9): 1133-42.
Ritz B, Tager I, Balmes J Can Lessons from Public Health Disease Surveillance be Applied to Environmental Public Health Tracking?, Environmental Health Perspectives, 2005; 113(3): 243-9.
Rull Rudolph P, Ritz Beate Historical pesticide exposure in California using pesticide use reports and land-use surveys: an assessment of misclassification error and bias Environmental health perspectives, 2003; 111(13): 1582-9.
Rull Ru, Ritz B Historical Pesticide Exposure in California Using Pesticide Use Reports and Land-Use Surveys: An Assessment of Misclassification Error and Bias, Environmental Health Perspectives, 2003; 111(13): 1582-9.
Wilhelm M, Ritz B Residential Proximity to Traffic and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Los Angeles County, California, 1994-1996, Environmental Health Perspectives, 2003; 111(2): 207-16.
Ritz B, Yu F, Chapa G, Fruin S, Shaw G, Harris J Ambient Air Pollution and Birth Defects, Am J Epidemiol, 2002; 155: 17-25.
Jacob B, Ritz B, Gehring U, Koch A, Bischof W, Wichmann HE, Heinrich J for the INGA-Study group Indoor Exposure to Molds and Allergic Sensitization, Environmental Health Perspectives, 2002; 110(7): 647-53.
Morgenstern H, Ritz B Effects of Low-Level Ionizing Radiation and Chemical Exposures on Cancer Mortality in Nuclear and Aerospace Workers: Findings from the UCLA Rocketdyne Study, Occupational Medicine, 2001; 16(2): 219-37.
Ritz B, Yu F, Chapa G, Fruin S Effect of Air Pollution on Preterm Birth Among Children Born in Southern California Between 1989 and 1993, Epidemiology, 2000; 11: 502-11.
Ritz B, Yu F Parkinson’s Disease Mortality And Pesticide Exposure in California 1984-1994, International Journal of Epidemiology, 2000; 29: 323-9.
Ritz B, Yu F. Parkinson’s Disease Mortality And Pesticide Exposure In California 1984 1994. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2000, Vol. 29:323-329, , 2000; .
Ritz B, Morgenstern H, Crawford-Brown D, Young B The Effects of Internal Radiation Exposure on Cancer Mortality in Nuclear Workers at Rocketdyne/Atomics International, Environmental Health Perspectives, 2000; 108: 743-51.
Biography
The Portera-Cailliau laboratory investigates how developmental defects in network connectivity at the level of the cerebral cortex directly lead to symptoms of autism, learning disability and intellectual dysfunction. In particular they are studying sensory hypersensitivity in a model of fragile X syndrome, by combining in vivo two-photon calcium imaging, patch-clamp electrophysiology, and head-fixed behavior. Dr. Portera-Cailliau was born and raised in Madrid, Spain. He obtained a B.A. in Biochemistry & Cell Biology from U.C. San Diego in 1990. He then attended the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and obtained an MD-PhD degree in 1997. His mentors were Drs. Donald Price and Lee Martin. After finishing a residency in Neurology at The Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham & Women’s Hospital in Boston in 2001, Dr. Portera-Cailliau moved to Columbia University for a post-doctoral fellowship in Dr. Rafael Yuste’s laboratory. His second post-doc was with Dr. Karel Svoboda in Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. He joined the UCLA faculty in November 2004 and has joint appointments in the Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology. He is a member of UCLA’s Brain Research Institute, the Integrated Center for Learning & Memory, and the Neuroscience Theme. Since 2013 he has served as co-director of the UCLA-Caltech Medical Scientist Training Program.