Posts classified under: L

Biography

Dr. Sandra Loo is a professor-in-residence in the Division of Child Psychiatry and the Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics.s Dr. Loo has been the principal investigator of numerous NIH grants examining neural mechanisms underlying pediatric psychiatric disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Tourette’s Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Dr. Loo’s lab is also studying cognitive and electrophysiological measures as biomarkers for treatment response among several pediatric disorders. Dr. Loo is a clinical psychologist and is the director of Pediatric Neuropsychology in the Medical Psychology Assessment Center. She specializes in neuropsychological assessment of childhood psychiatric disorders, such as ADHD and dyslexia.

 

Nyman Emma S, Loukola Anu, Varilo Teppo, Taanila Anja, Hurtig Tuula, Moilanen Irma, Loo Sandra, McGough James J, Järvelin Marjo-Riitta, Smalley Susan L, Nelson Stanley F, Peltonen Leena   Sex-specific influence of DRD2 on ADHD-type temperament in a large population-based birth cohort Psychiatric genetics, 2012; 22(4): 197-201.

Willcutt Erik G, Nigg Joel T, Pennington Bruce F, Solanto Mary V, Rohde Luis A, Tannock Rosemary, Loo Sandra K, Carlson Caryn L, McBurnett Keith, Lahey Benjamin B   Validity of DSM-IV Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptom Dimensions and Subtypes Journal of abnormal psychology, 2012; 22(4): .

Loo Sandra K, Shtir Corina, Doyle Alysa E, Mick Eric, McGough James J, McCracken James, Biederman Joseph, Smalley Susan L, Cantor Rita M, Faraone Stephen V, Nelson Stanley F   Genome-wide association study of intelligence: additive effects of novel brain expressed genes Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2012; 51(4): 432-440.e2.

Williams Nigel M, Franke Barbara, Mick Eric, Anney Richard J L, Freitag Christine M, Gill Michael, Thapar Anita, O’Donovan Michael C, Owen Michael J, Holmans Peter, Kent Lindsey, Middleton Frank, Zhang-James Yanli, Liu Lu, Meyer Jobst, Nguyen Thuy Trang, Romanos Jasmin, Romanos Marcel, Seitz Christiane, Renner Tobias J, Walitza Susanne, Warnke Andreas, Palmason Haukur, Buitelaar Jan, Rommelse Nanda, Vasquez Alejandro Arias, Hawi Ziarih, Langley Kate, Sergeant Joseph, Steinhausen Hans-Christoph, Roeyers Herbert, Biederman Joseph, Zaharieva Irina, Hakonarson Hakon, Elia Josephine, Lionel Anath C, Crosbie Jennifer, Marshall Christian R, Schachar Russell, Scherer Stephen W, Todorov Alexandre, Smalley Susan L, Loo Sandra, Nelson Stanley, Shtir Corina, Asherson Philip, Reif Andreas, Lesch Klaus-Peter, Faraone Stephen V   Genome-wide analysis of copy number variants in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: the role of rare variants and duplications at 15q13.3 The American journal of psychiatry, 2012; 169(2): 195-204.

Elia Josephine, Glessner Joseph T, Wang Kai, Takahashi Nagahide, Shtir Corina J, Hadley Dexter, Sleiman Patrick M A, Zhang Haitao, Kim Cecilia E, Robison Reid, Lyon Gholson J, Flory James H, Bradfield Jonathan P, Imielinski Marcin, Hou Cuiping, Frackelton Edward C, Chiavacci Rosetta M, Sakurai Takeshi, Rabin Cara, Middleton Frank A, Thomas Kelly A, Garris Maria, Mentch Frank, Freitag Christine M, Steinhausen Hans-Christoph, Todorov Alexandre A, Reif Andreas, Rothenberger Aribert, Franke Barbara, Mick Eric O, Roeyers Herbert, Buitelaar Jan, Lesch Klaus-Peter, Banaschewski Tobias, Ebstein Richard P, Mulas Fernando, Oades Robert D, Sergeant Joseph, Sonuga-Barke Edmund, Renner Tobias J, Romanos Marcel, Romanos Jasmin, Warnke Andreas, Walitza Susanne, Meyer Jobst, Pálmason Haukur, Seitz Christiane, Loo Sandra K, Smalley Susan L, Biederman Joseph, Kent Lindsey, Asherson Philip, Anney Richard J L, Gaynor J William, Shaw Philip, Devoto Marcella, White Peter S, Grant Struan F A, Buxbaum Joseph D, Rapoport Judith L, Williams Nigel M, Nelson Stanley F, Faraone Stephen V, Hakonarson Hakon   Genome-wide copy number variation study associates metabotropic glutamate receptor gene networks with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Nature genetics, 2012; 44(1): 78-84.

Mick Eric, McGough James, Loo Sandra, Doyle Alysa E, Wozniak Janet, Wilens Timothy E, Smalley Susan, McCracken James, Biederman Joseph, Faraone Stephen V   Genome-wide association study of the child behavior checklist dysregulation profile Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011; 50(8): 807-17.e8.

Hale T Sigi, Smalley Susan L, Walshaw Patricia D, Hanada Grant, Macion James, McCracken James T, McGough James J, Loo Sandra K   Atypical EEG beta asymmetry in adults with ADHD Neuropsychologia, 2010; 48(12): 3532-9.

Mick Eric, Todorov Alexandre, Smalley Susan, Hu Xiaolan, Loo Sandra, Todd Richard D, Biederman Joseph, Byrne Deirdre, Dechairo Bryan, Guiney Allan, McCracken James, McGough James, Nelson Stanley F, Reiersen Angela M, Wilens Timothy E, Wozniak Janet, Neale Benjamin M, Faraone Stephen V   Family-based genome-wide association scan of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2010; 49(9): 898-905.e3.

Neale Benjamin M, Medland Sarah E, Ripke Stephan, Asherson Philip, Franke Barbara, Lesch Klaus-Peter, Faraone Stephen V, Nguyen Thuy Trang, Schäfer Helmut, Holmans Peter, Daly Mark, Steinhausen Hans-Christoph, Freitag Christine, Reif Andreas, Renner Tobias J, Romanos Marcel, Romanos Jasmin, Walitza Susanne, Warnke Andreas, Meyer Jobst, Palmason Haukur, Buitelaar Jan, Vasquez Alejandro Arias, Lambregts-Rommelse Nanda, Gill Michael, Anney Richard J L, Langely Kate, O’Donovan Michael, Williams Nigel, Owen Michael, Thapar Anita, Kent Lindsey, Sergeant Joseph, Roeyers Herbert, Mick Eric, Biederman Joseph, Doyle Alysa, Smalley Susan, Loo Sandra, Hakonarson Hakon, Elia Josephine, Todorov Alexandre, Miranda Ana, Mulas Fernando, Ebstein Richard P, Rothenberger Aribert, Banaschewski Tobias, Oades Robert D, Sonuga-Barke Edmund, McGough James, Nisenbaum Laura, Middleton Frank, Hu Xiaolan, Nelson Stan, Nelson Stan   Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2010; 49(9): 884-97.

Hale T Sigi, Smalley Susan L, Dang Jeff, Hanada Grant, Macion James, McCracken James T, McGough James J, Loo Sandra K   ADHD familial loading and abnormal EEG alpha asymmetry in children with ADHD Journal of psychiatric research, 2010; 44(9): 605-15.

Loo Sandra K, Hale Sigi T, Hanada Grant, Macion James, Shrestha Anshu, McGough James J, McCracken James T, Nelson Stanley, Smalley Susan L   Familial clustering and DRD4 effects on electroencephalogram measures in multiplex families with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2010; 49(4): 368-77.

Lasky-Su Jessica, Won Sungho, Mick Eric, Anney Richard J L, Franke Barbara, Neale Benjamin, Biederman Joseph, Smalley Susan L, Loo Sandra K, Todorov Alexandre, Faraone Stephen V, Weiss Scott T, Lange Christoph   On genome-wide association studies for family-based designs: an integrative analysis approach combining ascertained family samples with unselected controls American journal of human genetics, 2010; 86(4): 573-80.

Rodriguez Alina, Kaakinen Marika, Moilanen Irma, Taanila Anja, McGough James J, Loo Sandra, Järvelin Marjo-Riitta   Mixed-handedness is linked to mental health problems in children and adolescents Pediatrics, 2010; 125(2): e340-8.

McGough James J, McCracken James T, Loo Sandra K, Manganiello Marc, Leung Michael C, Tietjens Jeremy R, Trinh Thao, Baweja Shilpa, Suddath Robert, Smalley Susan L, Hellemann Gerhard, Sugar Catherine A   A candidate gene analysis of methylphenidate response in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2009; 48(12): 1155-64.

Smalley Susan L, Loo Sandra K, Hale T Sigi, Shrestha Anshu, McGough James, Flook Lisa, Reise Steven   Mindfulness and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Journal of clinical psychology, 2009; 65(10): 1087-98.

Hale T Sigi, Smalley Susan L, Hanada Grant, Macion James, McCracken James T, McGough James J, Loo Sandra K   Atypical alpha asymmetry in adults with ADHD Neuropsychologia, 2009; 47(10): 2082-8.

Loo Sandra K, Hale T Sigi, Macion James, Hanada Grant, McGough James J, McCracken James T, Smalley Susan L   Cortical activity patterns in ADHD during arousal, activation and sustained attention Neuropsychologia, 2009; 47(10): 2114-9.

Forssman Linda, Bohlin Gunilla, Lundervold Astri J, Taanila Anja, Heiervang Einar, Loo Sandra, Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta, Smalley Susan, Moilanen Irma, Rodriguez Alina   Independent contributions of cognitive functioning and social risk factors to symptoms of ADHD in two nordic populations-based cohorts Developmental neuropsychology, 2009; 34(6): 721-35.

Hale T Sigi, Loo Sandra K, Zaidel Eran, Hanada Grant, Macion James, Smalley Susan L   Rethinking a right hemisphere deficit in ADHD Journal of attention disorders, 2009; 13(1): 3-17.

Carpenter Rich Erika, Loo Sandra K, Yang May, Dang Jeff, Smalley Susan L   Social functioning difficulties in ADHD: association with PDD risk Clinical child psychology and psychiatry, 2009; 14(3): 329-44.

Lu Ake T, Ogdie Matthew N, Järvelin Marjo-Ritta, Moilanen Irma K, Loo Sandra K, McCracken James T, McGough James J, Yang May H, Peltonen Leena, Nelson Stanley F, Cantor Rita M, Smalley Susan L   Association of the cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) with ADHD and post-traumatic stress disorder American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics, 2008; 147B(8): 1488-94.

Zhou Kaixin, Dempfle Astrid, Arcos-Burgos Mauricio, Bakker Steven C, Banaschewski Tobias, Biederman Joseph, Buitelaar Jan, Castellanos F Xavier, Doyle Alysa, Ebstein Richard P, Ekholm Jenny, Forabosco Paola, Franke Barbara, Freitag Christine, Friedel Susann, Gill Michael, Hebebrand Johannes, Hinney Anke, Jacob Christian, Lesch Klaus Peter, Loo Sandra K, Lopera Francisco, McCracken James T, McGough James J, Meyer Jobst, Mick Eric, Miranda Ana, Muenke Maximilian, Mulas Fernando, Nelson Stanley F, Nguyen T Trang, Oades Robert D, Ogdie Matthew N, Palacio Juan David, Pineda David, Reif Andreas, Renner Tobias J, Roeyers Herbert, Romanos Marcel, Rothenberger Aribert, Schäfer Helmut, Sergeant Joseph, Sinke Richard J, Smalley Susan L, Sonuga-Barke Edmund, Steinhausen Hans-Christoph, van der Meulen Emma, Walitza Susanne, Warnke Andreas, Lewis Cathryn M, Faraone Stephen V, Asherson Philip   Meta-analysis of genome-wide linkage scans of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics, 2008; 147B(8): 1392-8.

McGough James J, Loo Sandra K, McCracken James T, Dang Jeffrey, Clark Shaunna, Nelson Stanley F, Smalley Susan L   CBCL pediatric bipolar disorder profile and ADHD: comorbidity and quantitative trait loci analysis Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2008; 47(10): 1151-7.

Loo Sandra K, Rich Erika Carpenter, Ishii Janeen, McGough James, McCracken James, Nelson Stanley, Smalley Susan L   Cognitive functioning in affected sibling pairs with ADHD: familial clustering and dopamine genes Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2008; 49(9): 950-7.

Loo Sandra K, Smalley Susan L   Preliminary report of familial clustering of EEG measures in ADHD American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics, 2008; 147B(1): 107-9.

Nyman Emma S, Ogdie Matthew N, Loukola Anu, Varilo Teppo, Taanila Anja, Hurtig Tuula, Moilanen Irma K, Loo Sandra K, McGough James J, Järvelin Marjo-Riitta, Smalley Susan L, Nelson Stanley F, Peltonen Leena   ADHD candidate gene study in a population-based birth cohort: association with DBH and DRD2 Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2007; 46(12): 1614-21.

Hurtig Tuula, Ebeling Hanna, Taanila Anja, Miettunen Jouko, Smalley Susan L, McGough James J, Loo Sandra K, Järvelin Marjo-Riitta, Moilanen Irma K   ADHD symptoms and subtypes: relationship between childhood and adolescent symptoms Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2007; 46(12): 1605-13.

Loo Sandra K, Humphrey Lorie A, Tapio Terttu, Moilanen Irma K, McGough James J, McCracken James T, Yang May H, Dang Jeff, Taanila Anja, Ebeling Hanna, Järvelin Marjo-Riitta, Smalley Susan L   Executive functioning among Finnish adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2007; 46(12): 1594-604.

Smalley Susan L, McGough James J, Moilanen Irma K, Loo Sandra K, Taanila Anja, Ebeling Hanna, Hurtig Tuula, Kaakinen Marika, Humphrey Lorie A, McCracken James T, Varilo Teppo, Yang May H, Nelson Stanley F, Peltonen Leena, Järvelin Marjo-Riitta   Prevalence and psychiatric comorbidity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in an adolescent Finnish population Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2007; 46(12): 1575-83.

Lubke Gitta H, Muthén Bengt, Moilanen Irma K, McGough James J, Loo Sandra K, Swanson James M, Yang May H, Taanila Anja, Hurtig Tuula, Järvelin Marjo-Riitta, Smalley Susan L   Subtypes versus severity differences in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the Northern Finnish Birth Cohort Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2007; 46(12): 1584-93.

Hurtig Tuula, Ebeling Hanna, Taanila Anja, Miettunen Jouko, Smalley Susan, McGough James, Loo Sandra, Järvelin Marjo-Riitta, Moilanen Irma   ADHD and comorbid disorders in relation to family environment and symptom severity European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2007; 16(6): 362-9.

Del’Homme Melissa, Kim Tae S, Loo Sandra K, Yang May H, Smalley Susan L   Familial association and frequency of learning disabilities in ADHD sibling pair families Journal of abnormal child psychology, 2007; 35(1): 55-62.

Pressman Leah J, Loo Sandra K, Carpenter Erika M, Asarnow Joan R, Lynn Deborah, McCracken James T, McGough James J, Lubke Gitta H, Yang May H, Smalley Susan L   Relationship of family environment and parental psychiatric diagnosis to impairment in ADHD Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006; 45(3): 346-54.

McGough James J, Smalley Susan L, McCracken James T, Yang May, Del’Homme Melissa, Lynn Deborah E, Loo Sandra   Psychiatric comorbidity in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: findings from multiplex families The American journal of psychiatry, 2005; 162(9): 1621-7.

Loo Sandra K, Barkley Russell A   Clinical utility of EEG in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Applied neuropsychology, 2005; 12(2): 64-76.

Loo Sandra K, Hopfer Christian, Teale Peter D, Reite Martin L   EEG correlates of methylphenidate response in ADHD: association with cognitive and behavioral measures Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society, 2005; 21(6): 457-64.

Lynn Deborah E, Lubke Gitta, Yang May, McCracken James T, McGough James J, Ishii Janeen, Loo Sandra K, Nelson Stanley F, Smalley Susan L   Temperament and character profiles and the dopamine D4 receptor gene in ADHD The American journal of psychiatry, 2005; 162(5): 906-13.

Smalley Susan L, Loo Sandra K, Yang May H, Cantor Rita M   Toward localizing genes underlying cerebral asymmetry and mental health American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics, 2005; 135B(1): 79-84.

Ogdie Matthew N, Fisher Simon E, Yang May, Ishii Janeen, Francks Clyde, Loo Sandra K, Cantor Rita M, McCracken James T, McGough James J, Smalley Susan L, Nelson Stanley F   Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: fine mapping supports linkage to 5p13, 6q12, 16p13, and 17p11 American journal of human genetics, 2004; 75(4): 661-8.

Loo Sandra K, Specter Elaine, Smolen Andrew, Hopfer Christian, Teale Peter D, Reite Martin L   Functional effects of the DAT1 polymorphism on EEG measures in ADHD Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2003; 42(8): 986-93.

Biography

Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders. Our primary research interests are directed toward understanding the mechanisms underlying neuronal dysfunction in the basal ganglia and cortex in neurodegenerative disorders. The research consists of a multidisciplinary approach combining neurophysiological, morphological and molecular techniques. This research has evolved into several major projects: 1) Examining the physiological changes in mutant mouse models of Huntington’s disease, 2) Assessment of neuromodulation in the striatum as in pertains to Parkinson’s disease and assessment of new gentic mouse models of Parkinson’s disease and 3) Examining cellular cortical electrophysiological and morphological abnormalities occurring in children suffering from intractable pediatric epilepsy. The first area of research involves using mutant murine models of Huntington’s disease to understand how this neurological disorder physiologically affects cellular function. We study different types of mouse models, each with a unique part of the human Huntington’s disease gene inserted into the mouse genome. We examine physiological function and morphological changes in striatal and cortical neurons, the two primary areas affected in Huntington’s disease. The studies on neuromodulation have concentrated on examining interactions among receptor subtypes in the striatum and othe nuclei of the basal ganglia as well as new genetic models of Parkinson’s disease. These studies emanate from our initial observations that the direction of dopamine modulation of electrophysiological responses induced by activation of excitatory amino acid receptors is dependent upon the subtypes of excitatory amino acid and dopamine receptors activated. This observation could explain many of the inconsistencies in the literature concerning the modulatory role of dopamine in the striatum and other nuclei. One of the goals of these studies is to learn the rules that guide dopaminergic modulation, to identify their mechanisms and to examine how this modulation is altered in models of Parkinson’s disease to help design rational therapies for this disorder. The third area examines alterations in development of electrophysiological properties of human neocortical neurons. Pathological neocortical tissue is obtained from children suffering from pediatric epilepsy and undergoing surgery to alleviate intractable seizures. These experiments study “abnormal-appearing” neurons and they have shown that a population of neurons with altered voltage-dependent intrinsic currents and in some cases altered ligand-gated currents occurs.