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Gordon Fain

Gordon Fain, Ph.D.

Biography

A vertebrate photoreceptor uses a G-protein receptor (rhodopsin) and a G-protein cascade to produce the electrical response that signals a change in light intensity. Powerful new techniques have made it possible to understand the working of this cascade in extraordinary detail. The reason for this is that practically every protein involved in the cascade in a photoreceptor, from the pigment molecule rhodopsin to the G-protein and channels, but including also a large number of control proteins, are expressed only in the photoreceptors and nowhere else in the body. This makes it possible with genetic techniques to create mice in which these proteins have been knocked out, over or under expressed, or replaced with proteins of modified structure. We use electrical recording to study the effects of such genetic alterations on the light responses of mouse rods and cones, in order to understand the role of these proteins in the visual cascade. We are especially interested in modulatory enzymes and their function in light and dark adaptation. We also have a long-standing interest in mechanisms of photoreceptor degeneration in genetically inherited disease.

Publications

A selected list of publications:

Fain Gordon, Sampath Alapakkam P   Rod and cone interactions in the retina F1000Research, 2018; 7: .
Morshedian Ala, Woodruff Michael L, Fain Gordon L   Role of recoverin in rod photoreceptor light adaptation The Journal of physiology, 2018; 596(8): 1513-1526.
Morshedian Ala, Toomey Matthew B, Pollock Gabriel E, Frederiksen Rikard, Enright Jennifer M, McCormick Stephen D, Cornwall M Carter, Fain Gordon L, Corbo Joseph C   Cambrian origin of the CYP27C1-mediated vitamin A Royal Society open science, 2017; 4(7): 170362.
Morshedian Ala, Fain Gordon L   Light adaptation and the evolution of vertebrate photoreceptors The Journal of physiology, 2017; 595(14): 4947-4960.
Kaylor Joanna J, Xu Tongzhou, Ingram Norianne T, Tsan Avian, Hakobyan Hayk, Fain Gordon L, Travis Gabriel H   Blue light regenerates functional visual pigments in mammals through a retinyl-phospholipid intermediate Nature communications, 2017; 8(1): 16.
Morshedian Ala, Fain Gordon L   The evolution of rod photoreceptors Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2017; 372(1717): 16.
Ingram Norianne T, Sampath Alapakkam P, Fain Gordon L   Why are rods more sensitive than cones? The Journal of physiology, 2016; 594(19): 5415-26.
Reingruber Jürgen, Holcman David, Fain Gordon L   How rods respond to single photons: Key adaptations of a G-protein cascade that enable vision at the physical limit of perception BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology, 2015; 37(11): 1243-52.
Morshedian Ala, Fain Gordon L   Single-photon sensitivity of lamprey rods with cone-like outer segments Current biology : CB, 2015; 25(4): 484-7.
Reingruber Jürgen, Pahlberg Johan, Woodruff Michael L, Sampath Alapakkam P, Fain Gordon L, Holcman David   Detection of single photons by toad and mouse rods Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013; 110(48): 19378-83.
Chen Ching-Kang, Woodruff Michael L, Chen Frank S, Chen Yenlin, Cilluffo Marianne C, Tranchina Daniel, Fain Gordon L   Modulation of mouse rod response decay by rhodopsin kinase and recoverin The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2012; 32(45): 15998-6006.
Chen Jeannie, Woodruff Michael L, Wang Tian, Concepcion Francis A, Tranchina Daniel, Fain Gordon L   Channel modulation and the mechanism of light adaptation in mouse rods The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2010; 30(48): 16232-40.
Fain Gordon L, Hardie Roger, Laughlin Simon B   Phototransduction and the evolution of photoreceptors Current biology : CB, 2010; 20(3): R114-24.
Okawa Haruhisa, Sampath Alapakkam P, Laughlin Simon B, Fain Gordon L   ATP consumption by mammalian rod photoreceptors in darkness and in light Current biology : CB, 2008; 18(24): 1917-21.
Dizhoor Alexander M, Woodruff Michael L, Olshevskaya Elena V, Cilluffo Marianne C, Cornwall M Carter, Sieving Paul A, Fain Gordon L   Night blindness and the mechanism of constitutive signaling of mutant G90D rhodopsin The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2008; 28(45): 11662-72.
Fain GL   Why photoreceptors die (and why they don’t), BioEssays, 2006; 28: 344-354.

David Glanzman, Ph.D.

Publications

A selected list of publications:

Roberts Adam C, Bill Brent R, Glanzman David L   Learning and memory in zebrafish larvae Frontiers in neural circuits, 2013; 7: 126.
Glanzman David L   PKM and the maintenance of memory F1000 biology reports, 2013; 5: 4.
Glanzman David L   David L. Glanzman Current biology : CB, 2012; 22(21): R895-7.
Cai Diancai, Pearce Kaycey, Chen Shanping, Glanzman David L   Reconsolidation of long-term memory in Aplysia Current biology : CB, 2012; 22(19): 1783-8.
Glanzman David L   Behavioral neuroscience: no easy path from genes to cognition Current biology : CB, 2012; 22(9): R302-4.
Glanzman David L   Olfactory habituation: fresh insights from flies Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011; 108(36): 14711-2.
Cai Diancai, Pearce Kaycey, Chen Shanping, Glanzman David L   Protein kinase M maintains long-term sensitization and long-term facilitation in aplysia The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2011; 31(17): 6421-31.
Roberts Adam C, Reichl Jun, Song Monica Y, Dearinger Amanda D, Moridzadeh Naseem, Lu Elaine D, Pearce Kaycey, Esdin Joseph, Glanzman David L   Habituation of the C-start response in larval zebrafish exhibits several distinct phases and sensitivity to NMDA receptor blockade PloS one, 2011; 6(12): e29132.
Issa Fadi A, O’Brien Georgeann, Kettunen Petronella, Sagasti Alvaro, Glanzman David L, Papazian Diane M   Neural circuit activity in freely behaving zebrafish (Danio rerio) The Journal of experimental biology, 2011; 214(Pt 6): 1028-38.
Glanzman David L   Common mechanisms of synaptic plasticity in vertebrates and invertebrates Current biology : CB, 2010; 20(1): R31-6.
Glanzman David L   Ion pumps get more glamorous Nature neuroscience, 2010; 13(1): 4-5.
Esdin Joseph, Pearce Kaycey, Glanzman David L   Long-term habituation of the gill-withdrawal reflex in aplysia requires gene transcription, calcineurin and L-type voltage-gated calcium channels Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 2010; 4(1): 181.
Glanzman David L   Habituation in Aplysia: the Cheshire cat of neurobiology Neurobiology of learning and memory, 2009; 92(2): 147-54.
Villareal Greg, Li Quan, Cai Diancai, Fink Ann E, Lim Travis, Bougie Joanna K, Sossin Wayne S, Glanzman David L   Role of protein kinase C in the induction and maintenance of serotonin-dependent enhancement of the glutamate response in isolated siphon motor neurons of Aplysia californica The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2009; 29(16): 5100-7.
Fulton Daniel, Condro Michael C, Pearce Kaycey, Glanzman David L   The potential role of postsynaptic phospholipase C activity in synaptic facilitation and behavioral sensitization in Aplysia Journal of neurophysiology, 2008; 100(1): 108-16.
Glanzman DL   New tricks for an old slug: The critical role of postsynaptic mechanisms in learning and memory in Aplysia, Prog. Brain Res, 2008; 169C: 277-292.
Glanzman David L   New tricks for an old slug: the critical role of postsynaptic mechanisms in learning and memory in Aplysia Progress in brain research, 2008; 169(12): 277-92.
Glanzman David L   Octopus conditioning: a multi-armed approach to the LTP–learning question Current biology : CB, 2008; 18(12): R527-30.
Cai Diancai, Chen Shanping, Glanzman David L   Postsynaptic regulation of long-term facilitation in Aplysia Current biology : CB, 2008; 18(12): 920-5.
Villareal Greg, Li Quan, Cai Diancai, Glanzman David L   The role of rapid, local, postsynaptic protein synthesis in learning-related synaptic facilitation in aplysia Current biology : CB, 2007; 17(23): 2073-80.
Jami SA, Wright WG, Glanzman DL.   Differential classical conditioning of the gill-withdrawal reflex in Aplysia recruits both NMDA receptor-dependent enhancement and NMDA receptor-dependent depression of the reflex, J Neurosci, 2007; 27(12): 3064-8.
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Glanzman, D. L   Simple minds: the neurobiology of invertebrate learning and memory, Invertebrate Neurobiology, 2007; 347-380.
Villareal G, Li Q, Cai D, Glanzman DL   The role of rapid, local, postsynaptic protein synthesis in learning-related synaptic facilitation in Aplysia, Curr. Biol, 2007; 17(23): 2073-2080.
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Jami Shekib A, Wright William G, Glanzman David L   Differential classical conditioning of the gill-withdrawal reflex in Aplysia recruits both NMDA receptor-dependent enhancement and NMDA receptor-dependent depression of the reflex The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2007; 27(12): 3064-8.
Glanzman DL.   The cellular mechanisms of learning in Aplysia: of blind men and elephants, Biol Bull, 2006; 210(3): 271-9.
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Glanzman David L   The cellular mechanisms of learning in Aplysia: of blind men and elephants The Biological bulletin, 2006; 210(3): 271-9.
Li Q, Roberts AC, Glanzman DL.   Synaptic facilitation and behavioral dishabituation in Aplysia: dependence on release of Ca2+ from postsynaptic intracellular stores, postsynaptic exocytosis, and modulation of postsynaptic AMPA receptor efficacy, J Neurosci, 2005; 25(23): 5623-37.
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Li Quan, Roberts Adam C, Glanzman David L   Synaptic facilitation and behavioral dishabituation in Aplysia: dependence on release of Ca2+ from postsynaptic intracellular stores, postsynaptic exocytosis, and modulation of postsynaptic AMPA receptor efficacy The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2005; 25(23): 5623-37.
Roberts AC, Glanzman DL.   Learning in Aplysia: looking at synaptic plasticity from both sides, Trends Neurosci, 2003; 26(12): 662-70.
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Ezzeddine Y, Glanzman DL.   Prolonged habituation of the gill-withdrawal reflex in Aplysia depends on protein synthesis, protein phosphatase activity, and postsynaptic glutamate receptors, J Neurosci, 2003; 23(29): 9585-94.
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Chitwood RA, Li Q, Glanzman DL.   Serotonin facilitates AMPA-type reponses in isolated siphon motor neurons of Aplysia in culture, J Physiol, 2001; 534(Pt 2): 501-10.
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Murphy GG, Glanzman DL.   Cellular analog of differential classical conditioning in Aplysia: disruption by the NMDA receptor antagonist DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate, J Neurosci, 1999; 19(23): 10595-602.
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Mark A. Frye, Ph.D.

Mark Frye, Ph.D.

Publications

A selected list of publications:

Mongeau Jean-Michel, Frye Mark A   Drosophila Spatiotemporally Integrates Visual Signals to Control Saccades Current biology : CB, 2017; 27(19): 2901-2914.e2.
Frye Mark A   Insect Vision: A Neuron that Anticipates an Object’s Path Current biology : CB, 2017; 27(19): R1076-R1078.
Omoto Jaison Jiro, Keleş Mehmet Fatih, Nguyen Bao-Chau Minh, Bolanos Cheyenne, Lovick Jennifer Kelly, Frye Mark Arthur, Hartenstein Volker   Visual Input to the Drosophila Central Complex by Developmentally and Functionally Distinct Neuronal Populations Current biology : CB, 2017; 27(8): 1098-1110.
Keleş Mehmet F, Frye Mark A   Object-Detecting Neurons in Drosophila Current biology : CB, 2017; 27(5): 680-687.
Keleş Mehmet, Frye Mark A   The eyes have it eLife, 2017; 6(Pt A): 204-213.
Wasserman Sara M, Frye Mark A   Group behavior: social context modulates behavioral responses to sensory stimuli Current biology : CB, 2015; 25(11): R467-9.
Aptekar Jacob W, Keleş Mehmet F, Lu Patrick M, Zolotova Nadezhda M, Frye Mark A   Neurons forming optic glomeruli compute figure-ground discriminations in Drosophila The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2015; 35(19): 7587-99.
Frye Mark   Elementary motion detectors Current biology : CB, 2015; 25(6): R215-R217.
Wasserman Sara M, Aptekar Jacob W, Lu Patrick, Nguyen Jade, Wang Austin L, Keles Mehmet F, Grygoruk Anna, Krantz David E, Larsen Camilla, Frye Mark A   Olfactory neuromodulation of motion vision circuitry in Drosophila Current biology : CB, 2015; 25(4): 467-72.
Aptekar Jacob W, Keles Mehmet F, Mongeau Jean-Michel, Lu Patrick M, Frye Mark A, Shoemaker Patrick A   Method and software for using m-sequences to characterize parallel components of higher-order visual tracking behavior in Drosophila Frontiers in neural circuits, 2014; 8(11): 130.
Theobald, JC Frye, MA   Animal Behavior: flying back-to-front, Curr. Biol. , 2008; 18(4): r169.
Chow DM Frye MA   Context dependent olfactory enhanced optomotor flight control in Drosophila, J. Exp. Biol. , 2008; 211: 2478-2485.
Duistermars, BJ Frye, MA   Cross-modal visual input for odor tracking during fly flight, Curr. Biol. , 2008; 18(4): 270-275.
Theobald JC Duistermars BJ Ringach DL Frye MA   Flies see second order motion, Curr. Biol. , 2008; 18(11): r464.
Reynolds, A. Frye, M.A.   Free-flight odor tracking in Drosophila is consistent with a mathematically optimal intermittent scale-free search, PLoS ONE, 2007; 2(4): 354.
Frye, MA   The neuromechanics of fly flight control, Invertebrate Neurobiology, 2007; 209-229.
Duistermars, BJ Chow, D Condro, M Frye, MA   The spatial, temporal, and contrast properties of expansion and rotation flight optomotor responses in Drosophila, J. Exp. Biol. , 2007; 210: 3218-3227.
Frye, MA Dickinson, MH   Visual edge orientation shapes free-flight behavior in Drosophila, Fly, 2007; 3: 153-154.
Humbert, J.S. Frye, M.A.   Extracting behaviorally relevant retinal image motion cues via wide-field integration, Proc. IEEE American Controls Conference, 2006; 2724-2729.
Frye, MA Dickinson, MH   Closing the loop between neurobiology and flight behavior in Drosophila Current opinion in neurobiology. , 2004; 14(6): 729-36.
Frye, MA Dickinson, MH   Fly flight: a model for the neural control of complex behavior Neuron. , 2001; 32(3): 385-8.
Neil G. Harris, Ph.D.

Neil Harris, Ph.D.

Biography

Professor Harris directs NEIL lab with over 25 years of experience with rodent CNS injury models and in particular using MRI and PET to assess structure and function. He received his B.Sc. in Biology/Neuroscience from University of Portsmouth in 1988, and his Ph.D. in Physiology from King’s College London in 1991. Dr. Harris’s early focus of research addressed the question of optimal timing for intervention after the diagnosis of infantile hydrocephalus. Prior to joining University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Dr. Harris received training in multimodality imaging techniques, including PET, structural MRI, fMRI, DTI, and Glucose/blood-flow autoradiography at Kings college University of London, University of Florida McKnight Brain Institute, the Royal College of Surgeons unit of Biophysics in the Institute of Child Health, and University of Cambridge Department of Neurosurgery. Subsequently, Dr. Harris conducted studies to address forebrain ischemic stroke looking at the potential use of non-invasive biomarkers to determine salvageable areas of brain. The studies were cited amongst primary reported findings on biophysical mechanism of the change in water diffusion after stroke. Dr. Harris currently resides as Professor in Residence of UCLA Department of Neurosurgery where he primarily conducts investigations on Traumatic Brain Injury and is the scientific director of UCLA 7T animal imaging core.

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